Multinuclear Benchtop NMR for Electrolyte Design

Benchtop NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool to determine the composition of electrolyte solutions as well as their physical properties, such as their diffusion behaviour. Apart from ¹H and ¹³C found in the organic solvents, lithium-ion battery electrolytes frequently feature many different nuclei of interest such as ⁷Li, ¹¹B, ¹⁹F or ³¹P. To adequately characterize each component, a true broadband channel is required. This, combined with pulsed field gradients, enables the measurement of the diffusion coefficients of each molecule and ion separately by the Pulsed Field Gradient Spin Echo (PFGSE) experiment. Further values important for the optimization of electrolyte performance, like the ionic conductivity or the transference numbers can be deduced from these experiments as well.

By downloading this app note you will learn:

• How to measure diffusion behaviour of your samples by using Pulsed Field Gradient Spin Echo (PFGSE) experiments
• How to interpret the data as shown by an example using the nuclei ¹H, ⁷Li, ¹⁹F and ³¹P
• How to calculate concrete values for the diffusion coefficient, ionic conductivity, and transference number