Real-Time diffusion analysis in FlowNMR using the X-Pulse

This application note shows the power of combining diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) with FlowNMR using the Oxford Instruments X-Pulse benchtop spectrometer. By enabling real-time tracking of molecular diffusion under continuous flow, this technique offers a unique advantage for studying reaction kinetics and polymer growth online.

In collaboration with the Haddleton group at the University of Warwick, we applied this method to monitor the RAFT polymerisation of methyl acrylate. Interleaved 1H NMR and
PGSE experiments allowed simultaneous tracking of monomer conversion and polymer molecular weight evolution. The X-Pulse’s Z-axis gradient, aligned with the main magnetic field, ensures precise diffusion measurements, even under flow conditions.

This approach eliminates the need to pause flow or perform offline GPC analysis, saving time while preserving reaction conditions. As the polymerisation progressed, DOSY data provided average molecular weights that aligned well with theoretical and GPC benchmarks. These results demonstrate how the X-Pulse delivers accurate, real-time insights into polymer chemistry; this supports applications from reaction optimisation to materials development. For further work on this application note please read

By downloading this application note you will:

• How to perform DOSY NMR under flow
• How to monitor real-time polymer growth
• How gradient alignment improves accuracy

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